Iyini i-LNG Refueling Station?

Ukuqonda Iziteshi Zokugcwalisa Uphethiloli ze-LNG

Iziteshi zokugcwalisa uphethiloli ze-LNG (igesi yemvelo encibilikisiwe)banezimoto ezithile ezisetshenziselwa ukugcwalisa uphethiloli ezimotweni njengezimoto, amaloli, amabhasi, kanye nemikhumbi. EShayina,I-Houpuingumhlinzeki omkhulu weziteshi zokugcwalisa uphethiloli ze-LNG, enesabelo semakethe esifinyelela ku-60%. Lezi ziteshi zigcina i-LNG emazingeni okushisa abandayo (-162°C noma -260°F) ukuze kulondolozwe isimo sayo soketshezi futhi kube lula ukugcinwa nokuthuthwa.
Ngesikhathi sokugcwalisa uphethiloli esiteshini se-LNG, igesi yemvelo encibilikisiwe ithuthwa isukaamathangi esiteshiukuze kugcinwe emotweni ngaphakathi kwamathangi e-cryogenic kusetshenziswa izinto ezenziwe ngokwezifisoamapayipifuthiama-nozzleezigcina amazinga okushisa abandayo adingekayo phakathi nayo yonke inqubo.

imibuzo ejwayelekile ukubuzwa

Yisiphi isizwe esisebenzisa kakhulu i-LNG?
Ngemva kwengozi yenuzi yaseFukushima ka-2011, iJapan, encike kakhulu ku-LNG ukuze ikhiqize ugesi, yaba phakathi komthengi omkhulu kanye nomsebenzisi we-LNG emhlabeni. I-India, iNingizimu Korea, kanye neShayina bonke bangabasebenzisi ababalulekile be-LNG. I-Houpu Group yasungulwa ngo-2005. Ngemva kweminyaka engama-20 yentuthuko, isibe yibhizinisi elihamba phambili embonini yamandla ahlanzekile eShayina.

Yiziphi izinkinga ze-LNG?

I-LNG inezinkinga ezithile naphezu kwezinzuzo zayo eziningi.
Izindleko eziphezulu zokuthuthukiswa: Ngenxa yesidingo semishini yokugcina kanye neyokuthutha ekhethekile ye-cryogenic, i-LNG iyabiza ukuyisetha ekuqaleni.
Inqubo yokuncibilikisa uketshezi idinga amandla amaningi; phakathi kuka-10 no-25% wokuqukethwe kwamandla egesi yemvelo kusetshenziswa ukuyiguqula ibe yi-LNG.
Izinkathazo zokuphepha: Nakuba i-LNG ingekho engozini njengophethiloli, ukuchitheka kwayo kusengabangela ifu lomhwamuko kanye nokulimala okubangelwa yi-cryogenic.
Izakhiwo ezimbalwa zokugcwalisa uphethiloli: Ukwakhiwa kwenethiwekhi yesiteshi sokugcwalisa uphethiloli se-LNG kusaqhubeka ezindaweni eziningana.

Nakuba i-LNG inezinkinga ezithile, izici zayo ezihlanzekile zisayenza ikwazi ukusetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni yezicelo zabantu, izimoto kanye nezasolwandle. I-Houpu Group ihlanganisa lonke uchungechunge lwezimboni kusukela ekukhishweni kwe-LNG ephezulu kuya ekufakweni kwe-LNG phansi, okuhlanganisa ukukhiqiza, ukugcwalisa uphethiloli, ukugcina, ukuthuthwa kanye nokusetshenziswa kwesethi ephelele yemishini.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-LNG negesi evamile?

Umehluko phakathi kwe-LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) kanye nephethiloli evamile (uphethiloli) uhlanganisa:

Ingabe i-LNG ingcono kunophethiloli?

Kuya ngokusetshenziswa okukhethekile kanye nezinto eziza kuqala ukuthi i-LNG “ingcono” yini kunophethiloli:
Izinzuzo ze-LNG ngaphezu kukaphethiloli:
Izinzuzo zemvelo: I-LNG ikhipha i-CO₂ engaphansi ngo-20–30% kunephethiloli kanye ne-nitrogen oxide kanye nezinto ezincane kakhulu.

Ukusebenza kahle kwezindleko: I-LNG ivame ukushibhile kunophethiloli ngesisekelo esilingana namandla, ikakhulukazi ezindizeni ezishayela kakhulu.
• Ukutholakala okuningi: Izindawo zokugcina igesi yemvelo zikhulu futhi zitholakala emhlabeni wonke.
Ukuphepha: I-LNG ayishisi kakhulu kunephethiloli futhi iyanyamalala ngokushesha uma ichitheka, okunciphisa ingozi yomlilo.

I-LNG inezinkinga ezithile uma iqhathaniswa nephethiloli. Isibonelo, azikho iziteshi ze-LNG eziningi njengoba kuneziteshi zephethiloli.
Zimbalwa izinhlobo zezimoto ezenzelwe ukusebenza nge-LNG kunangephethiloli.

• Imikhawulo yobubanzi: Izimoto ze-LNG zingase zingakwazi ukuya kude ngoba zinamandla amancane futhi amathangi azo mancane.
• Izindleko eziphezulu kusengaphambili: Izimoto ze-LNG kanye nengqalasizinda zidinga imali eyengeziwe kusengaphambili.

I-LNG ivame ukuba yisibonelo esiqinile kwezomnotho nakwezemvelo sokuhamba ngamaloli amade kanye nokuthunyelwa kwempahla, lapho izindleko zikaphethiloli zibangela inani elikhulu lezindleko zokusebenza. Ngenxa yemingcele yengqalasizinda, izinzuzo azibonakali kangako ezimotweni ezizimele.

Amathrendi Emakethe Yomhlaba Wonke ye-LNG

Eminyakeni eyishumi edlule, imakethe yomhlaba wonke ye-LNG ikhule kakhulu ngenxa yezici zezwe, imithethonqubo yezemvelo, kanye nokwenyuka kwesidingo samandla. Njengoba iNingizimu Korea, iShayina, neJapan zisebenzisa i-LNG eningi kakhulu, i-Asia iyaqhubeka nokuba yisifunda esingenisa uphethiloli omningi kakhulu. Isidingo se-LNG kulindeleke ukuthi siqhubeke sikhula esikhathini esizayo, ikakhulukazi njengoba amazwe ebheka ukushintsha kusuka kumalahle namafutha aye emithonjeni yamandla ahlanzekile. Ukukhula kwengqalasizinda ye-LNG encane nakho kwandisa ukusetshenziswa kwayo ngale kokukhiqizwa kukagesi kuya emikhakheni yezimboni kanye nezokuthutha.

I-Houpu Group yaqala ukwandisa imakethe yayo yamazwe ngamazwe ngo-2020. Imikhiqizo yayo esezingeni eliphezulu ithole ukuqashelwa kabanzi emakethe, futhi izinsizakalo zayo ezinhle kakhulu zithole udumo kumakhasimende. Imishini ye-Houpu ithengiswe eziteshini zokugcwalisa uphethiloli ezingaphezu kuka-7,000 emhlabeni jikelele. I-Houpu ifakiwe ngempumelelo ohlwini lwabaphakeli bezinkampani ezinkulu zamandla zomhlaba wonke, okumele ukuqashelwa kwamandla enkampani ngamabhizinisi aseYurophu asezingeni eliphezulu futhi afuna izinto eziningi.

Izinto Ezibalulekile Okufanele Uzicabangele

I-LNG iyigesi yemvelo epholile yaba uketshezi ukuze kube lula ukuthuthwa nokugcinwa kwayo.
IJapan iyikhasimende elikhulu kunawo wonke le-LNG emhlabeni. Nakuba i-LNG ikhipha ukukhishwa okuncane komoya kunophethiloli, idinga ingqalasizinda ethile.
I-LNG ifaneleka kakhulu ezinhlelweni zokusebenza ezihilela ukuthuthwa okunzima.
Njengoba kunezindawo ezintsha zokungenisa nokuthumela kwamanye amazwe, imakethe yomhlaba wonke ye-LNG isakhula.